Assessment of Mussaenda pubescens methanol leaf extract in pain relief, diarrhea, depression, and anxiety in the Swiss albino mouse model

Mussaenda pubescens (M. pubescens), a medicinal plant with a long history in traditional medicine, has attracted attention for its potential therapeutic properties. This research intends to assess the in vivo pharmacological potentials of its methanolic extract, focusing on the central nervous system (CNS), anxiety, pain relief, and antidiarrheal activity. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which are known for their therapeutic properties. In vivo, the analgesic efficacy of the extract was assessed utilizing the abdominal constriction and tail flick methods and displayed potent antidiarrheal effects at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg in a diarrheal model induced by castor oil. Additionally, CNS depressant effects were observed in the Open Field Test (OFT) and Hole Cross Test (HCT), while anxiolytic potential was confirmed through the Hole Board Apparatus (HBT) and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). The anxiolytic effects were found to be dose-dependent, with significant results. These outcomes highlight the significance of M. pubescens as a source of bioactive compounds with analgesic, antidiarrheal, and anxiolytic properties. However, additional research is necessary to isolate the active compounds and elucidate the mechanisms of action.